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 Forum index » Off-Topic Area » Programming
Add text to head of file
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don570


Joined: 10 Mar 2010
Posts: 2457
Location: Ontario
PostPosted: Tue 03 Apr 2012, 13:21    Post subject:  Add text to head of file  
I find it useful to put text at the head rather than the tail of a file
stored on a hard drive.

Here's a script that you can read and it should be self-explanatory.

Code:
#!/bin/sh
# SCRIPT SHOWS HOW TO ADD LINES TO HEAD OF FILE

# first create a file
echo "Here is data
in file." > DATA_file


# then create the text to add to top of file
TEXT=`echo -e "I WANT THIS TEXT  \nON TOP \n \n "`


# now add the two together
cat - DATA_file <<<"$TEXT" > /tmp/temp_script_data
mv -f  /tmp/temp_script_data DATA_file


# show resulting file with default editor
defaulttexteditor DATA_file

exit 0


The output is shown in this image...



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don570


Joined: 10 Mar 2010
Posts: 2457
Location: Ontario
PostPosted: Tue 03 Apr 2012, 13:28    Post subject:  
Here is how to manipulate the text

Code:


\\
backslash
\a
alert (BEL)
\b
backspace
\c
suppress trailing newline
\f
form feed
\n
new line
\r
carriage return
\t
horizontal tab
\v
vertical tab
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don570


Joined: 10 Mar 2010
Posts: 2457
Location: Ontario
PostPosted: Sat 28 Apr 2012, 12:08    Post subject: add text to variable's contents  
add text to variable's contents

I realised that there is another way to add text to the head.

This time the text is added to beginning of each line

Code:
#!/bin/sh

# Assign text to a variable
TEXT=`echo -e "why this \n is my text\n line."`

#create some text to put at beginning
FIRST=First_


echo -e "$TEXT" | sed  's/^/'$FIRST'/'


and the terminal output is

Code:
First_why this
First_ is my text
First_ line.


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don570


Joined: 10 Mar 2010
Posts: 2457
Location: Ontario
PostPosted: Mon 30 Apr 2012, 12:58    Post subject:  
When there is whitespace in the text that is added
there needs to be a change of IFS to some other character
such as colon

IFS=":"

Code:
#!/bin/sh

# Assign text to a variable
TEXT=`echo -e "why this \n is my text\n line."`

#create some text to put at beginning
FIRST="First attempt"

IFS=":"
echo -e "$TEXT" | sed  's/^/'$FIRST'/'




Terminal output
Code:
First attemptwhy this
First attempt is my text
First attempt line.
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technosaurus


Joined: 18 May 2008
Posts: 3843
PostPosted: Tue 01 May 2012, 16:52    Post subject:  
Code:
sed -i '1s/^/hello\n/' file

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Flash
Official Dog Handler


Joined: 04 May 2005
Posts: 9841
Location: Arizona USA
PostPosted: Tue 01 May 2012, 23:48    Post subject:  
Is this thread at all related to how metadata is added to a mp3 file for instance?
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technosaurus


Joined: 18 May 2008
Posts: 3843
PostPosted: Wed 02 May 2012, 01:34    Post subject:  
id3 tags aren't all at the head ... I did post a little bash a while back on stack overflow (or was it superuser?) to grok out the tags for name/artist though for file renaming purposes ... just involved something like grepping for TAG ... not sure about using sed to replace it though - why do you ask?
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vovchik


Joined: 23 Oct 2006
Posts: 1229
Location: Ukraine
PostPosted: Wed 02 May 2012, 06:35    Post subject:  
Dear puppians,

If you have coreutils installed, you can always use "tac" instead of cat. It reads and displays starting from the end of a file.

As for id3 tags, and if you can program in c, c++ or bacon, you can always use "libtag_c.so" for version 1 tags. I have included a little bacon example. You can also write tags using this lib.

With kind regards,
vovchik
lsmp3.bac.tar.gz
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Flash
Official Dog Handler


Joined: 04 May 2005
Posts: 9841
Location: Arizona USA
PostPosted: Wed 02 May 2012, 19:41    Post subject:  
technosaurus wrote:
.... - why do you ask?

I'm just trying to understand how the tags work so maybe I can figure out why every mp3 player seems to display them differently. Mad
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technosaurus


Joined: 18 May 2008
Posts: 3843
PostPosted: Wed 02 May 2012, 20:29    Post subject:  
http://superuser.com/questions/398712/settingid3-title-tag-to-be-equal-to-mp3-file-name

@flash the above link has my code, but there is actually a couple of specs for them which different id* libs implement @ differing levels
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don570


Joined: 10 Mar 2010
Posts: 2457
Location: Ontario
PostPosted: Sat 05 May 2012, 13:15    Post subject:  
To add the text just to the first line
as small modification to sed command is necessary


Code:

#!/bin/sh

# Assign text to a variable
TEXT=`echo -e "why this \n is my text\n line."`

#create some text to put at beginning
FIRST="First attempt"

IFS=":"
echo -e "$TEXT" | sed  '1s/^/'$FIRST'/'


The terminal output ---->

Code:
First attemptwhy this
 is my text
 line.


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don570


Joined: 10 Mar 2010
Posts: 2457
Location: Ontario
PostPosted: Sat 02 Jun 2012, 13:45    Post subject:  
Instead of adding the text to the begining of the first line
I made two small changes to put the text at
the end of the second line.

Note that the dollar sign represents the end of the line.

Code:
#!/bin/sh


# Assign text to a variable
TEXT=`echo -e "why this \n is my text \n line."`

#create some text to put at beginning
FIRST="First attempt"

IFS=":"
echo -e "$TEXT" | sed  '2s/$/'$FIRST'/'


Here is the result in the terminal
Code:
why this
 is my text First attempt
 line.
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seaside

Joined: 11 Apr 2007
Posts: 832
PostPosted: Sun 03 Jun 2012, 18:37    Post subject:  
don570,

Very handy items.

You could also do it without a change to the IFS this way -

Code:
 echo -e "$TEXT" | sed  "2s/$/$FIRST/"


Cheers,
s
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don570


Joined: 10 Mar 2010
Posts: 2457
Location: Ontario
PostPosted: Wed 06 Jun 2012, 18:55    Post subject:  
Thanks.Good tip!

When I removed IFS=":"
I got the following error

Code:
sed: -e expression #1, char 10: unterminated `s' command
Script completed hit RETURN to close window.


So your suggestion works with the double quotes
rather than single quotes.

Code:
#!/bin/sh


# Assign text to a variable
TEXT=`echo -e "why this \n is my text \n line."`

#create some text to put at ending
FIRST="First attempt"

echo -e "$TEXT" | sed  "2s/$/$FIRST/"


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seaside

Joined: 11 Apr 2007
Posts: 832
PostPosted: Thu 07 Jun 2012, 15:23    Post subject:  
don570,

Yes, sed and variables can be tricky.

Since, we are both fans of right-click menus, here's one you might wish to add to your collection of right-click menu items

When downloading files, many times a specific md5sum.txt file is not supplied, but instead the md5sum appears on the website page.

In those cases, it's handy to simply highlight the md5sum on the webpage which puts the selection on the selection clipboard and after the file is downloaded, just right-click the file with "md5sum-check" for verification.

Here's the script for "md5sum-check"

Cheers,
s


Code:
 #!/bin/sh

  # md5sum-check
 # link to /root/.config/rox.sourceforge.net/OpenWith/md5sum-check
 # md5sum check from clip
 # highlight md5sum for clip selection
 # right-click this script on file
 # Seaside June 6 2012
 
 
 CLPSUM=`xclip -o`
 MD5SUM="$CLPSUM  $1"
  [[ "`md5sum -c <<<"$MD5SUM"`" ]]  &&  Xdialog  --ok-label "Passed" --backtitle "Md5sum Check" --msgbox  "YES \n$1 \nMd5sum \nOK" 0 0  || Xdialog  --ok-label "Failed"  --backtitle "Md5sum Check"  --msgbox "NO \n$1 \nMd5sum \nFailed" 0 0
 
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