Non-BASH lower-to-UPPER case conversion of a-f

[MinHundHettePerro]

Hello !

Is there a simple way to express the bashishm (at least, I think it's a bashism, correct me if I'm wrong)

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echo "${WHATEVER^^}"

in a non-bashy way?

(Reason for asking: Reading binary files through hexdump and echoing to bc, calls for a lower-to-UPPER case conversion of a-f.)

Cheers / MHHP

[seaside]

MinHundHettePerro,

Here's a snippet from somewhere.

uppers=ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
lowers=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

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uc(){ #usage: uc "some string" -> "SOME STRING"
i=0
while ([ $i -lt ${#1} ]) do
    CUR=${1:$i:1}
    case $lowers in
        *$CUR*)CUR=${lowers%$CUR*};OUTPUT="${OUTPUT}${uppers:${#CUR}:1}";;
        *)OUTPUT="${OUTPUT}$CUR";;
    esac
    i=$((i+1))
done
echo "${OUTPUT}"
}

cheers,
s

[amigo]

'echo "${WHATEVER^^}"'
Where did you get that? I've never seen such syntax and it does not work here at all.

'echo $WHATEVER | tr [a-f] [A-F]'
does what you want.

[technosaurus]

@amigo - ^^ another undocumented bashism

I was trying to rewrite ndiswrapper in shell and came up with these

this one is to be used in case statements, but haven't really tested it yet

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anycase(){ #make a string usable by case as case insensitive
#input hello world output [hH][eE][lL][lL][oO]" "[wW][oO][rR][lL][dD]
uppers=ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
lowers=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
i=0
while ([ $i -lt ${#1} ]) do
	CUR=${1:$i:1}
	case "$uppers" in
		*$CUR*)CUR="${uppers%$CUR*}";OUTPUT="${OUTPUT}[${lowers:${#CUR}:1}${uppers:${#CUR}:1}]";;
		*)case "$lowers" in
			*$CUR*)CUR="${lowers%$CUR*}";OUTPUT="${OUTPUT}[${lowers:${#CUR}:1}${uppers:${#CUR}:1}]";;
			*)OUTPUT="${OUTPUT}\"$CUR\"";;
		esac
	esac
	i=$((i+1))
done
printf "${OUTPUT}"
}

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lc(){ #convert string to lower case and print it
uppers=ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
lowers=abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
i=0
while ([ $i -lt ${#1} ]) do
	CUR=${1:$i:1}
	case $uppers in
		*$CUR*)CUR=${uppers%$CUR*};OUTPUT="${OUTPUT}${lowers:${#CUR}:1}";;
		*)OUTPUT="${OUTPUT}$CUR";;
	esac
	i=$((i+1))
done
printf "${OUTPUT}"
}

which really just does this:

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tolower() { #change input $@ to lower case
echo "$@" | tr [:upper:] [:lower:]
}

for upper case just do the reverse

Edit: btw, the reason why I started the anycase function, is because of the case insensitivity in Windows, ... otherwise you would need to convert every single line to lower case for comparison (which could take a while in large files) ... its faster in that case to have one case insensitive case statement

[Karl Godt]

bash version 3 does not work with ^ on my side .

[amigo]

Ah Karl, I am using bash3 also -that explains it.

[MinHundHettePerro]

I was in slacko

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# bash --version
GNU bash, version 4.1.0(1)-release (i486-t2-linux-gnu)

Good thing I asked, as the ^-syntax wouldn't have been too portable ...

Anyway, thanks for the tr reminder ...

Before, I've used constructs like

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# WHATEVER="0123456789abCDef"
# A="${WHATEVER//a/A}";A="${A//b/B}";A="${A//c/C}";A="${A//d/D}";A="${A//e/E}";A="${A//f/F}" ;echo "${A}"
0123456789ABCDEF
# 

and just fell for the simplicity of ^^ .....

... I'd better avoid these bleeding-edge bashisms ...

Cheers / MHHP

[GustavoYz]

...non-bashy way?

If you're passing strings, this Perl way might work:

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echo SOMETHING | perl -nle 'print lc'